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FROM CRITICS OF METAPHYSICS TO ROLE RESTORATION OF METAPHYSICS AS CRITICS

Автор: Sveta on .

 ПОЛНЫЙ ТЕКСТ (PDF)
DOI: http://doi.org/10.31617/visnik.knute.2019(123)02

UDC 165.021:111
 
LIMONCHENKO Vira,
Doctor of Philosophy, Professor,
Professor of Drohobych State Pedagogical University
st. Ivan Franko, 24, Drohobych, 82100, Ukraine

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ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4770-7199

FROM CRITICS OF METAPHYSICS TO ROLE RESTORATION OF METAPHYSICS AS CRITICS

Background. The dubious reputation that metaphysics has in modern intellectual space does not correspond to its significance as a mental practice, since in the process of thinking it is impossible to avoid some primary principles, some data of consciousness, and therefore metaphysics can be detected in any work of thought. It is substantiated that philosophy as work with phenomena of consciousness is inevitably metaphysical.
Analysis of recent research and publications.The conducted review analytics confirms the renewal of attention to metaphysics as a kind of mode of work of the mind.
The aim of the article. The article reveals and justifies such a mode of work of meta­physics, which eliminates the opposition of dogmatism and criticism, and the critical method does not appear in the journalistic-polemical aspect, but as a philosophical and logical work.
Materials and methods. In the work with texts the method of phenomenological descriptors was used, which follows the subject itself and allows refraining from appraisal and ideological judgments, methods of historical and philosophical comparativism, dialec­tical-logical analysis were used when working with concepts that imply sophisticated distinction and mutual transformation
Results. It is shown that the main preconception against metaphysics is the lack of a reliable basis for metaphysical reflections, which is subject to an expeditious review. The assertion of some reality, not recorded "physically" and which has the character of a proble­matized reality, which is manifested in a specific movement backward in the rejection of the view from the very subject to the conditions of its ability, that is, at the beginning, is significant, which makes metaphysics critical. Just as work with consciousness (spirit) philosophy appears as metaphysics, as directed to the initial beginning of everything – as ontology, as methodo­logically centered on the method of its accomplishment – as logic and epistemology, but inevitably in all its discoveries it is painted anthropologically and therefore is existential.
Conclusion. As something special, Platonic or Aristotelian-New European, meta­physics should be discontinued in order to reveal a metaphysical view that is capable of switching the mode of its work: metaphysics is not possible on the side of objects, but on the side of the primary presence of that having radical primacy. Metaphysics as an intellectual practice is aimed at expanding the range of human experience. Classical New European metaphysics appears to be an essential discourse and is constructed as a theoretical system. There are grounds to talk about the existential metaphysics of the individual, which is realized not in rational reasoning, but in an existential position, while revealing a new possibility of metaphysics as a critical-analytic inquiry about their own beginnings. Such metaphysics differs from the anti-modern European one and reveals the possibilities of the mind that is sensitive to the otherness - such a mind is sometimes called communicative and post-metaphysical, but this "post" cannot fail to take into account the ability to recognize the difference in the order of the world developed by metaphysics. Philosophical discipline has sense to sharpen the taste to the excellent, to the impossibility of imposing their habits on everything else. It is no coincidence that the comprehension of the otherness has become so important for the thinkers of the twentieth century, and this coincides with the resto­ration of interest in metaphysics.

Keywords: metaphysics, critics, authenticity, essential and existential discourses.
 

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