UDC 141.319.8
 
BOROWSKA Lyudmyla
PhD, Associate Professor of Philosophy and Social Sciences Department of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
 

SOKRAT VS BART: ANTHROPOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS OF LINGUISTIC TURN

 
Background. Postmodernism claims absolute domination in the ideological field that makes study of the principles of postmodern discourse, its philosophical and cognitive systems more relevant.
The aim of the article is to identify the intentions of internal postmodern discourse and philosophical systems which it offers to man.
Materials and methods. The study is based on a critical approach, as well as the general philosophical principles of objectivity and historicism.
Results. Postmodernism interprets itself as postmodernity, as procedural that takes place "after time" in a situation of "completeness" of history. Postmodernism constitutes not only as a postmodernity, but also as post philosophy, rejecting not only the traditional philosophical problemetics, conceptual and categorical apparatus of philosophy, but also all philosophy as such, generally rejecting the paradigm of classical philosophizing. In classical philosophy (metaphysics) consciousness becomes a subject, and existence an object within the so-called "binary oppositions": matter – consciousness, nature – spirit, extensionality – nonextensionality etc. The following postmodern discourse concepts subtitute classic philosophical and metaphysical ones: structure, function, language, text, organization, relationship, sign, communication and others. The struggle of postmodernist against totalitarian discourses ends with a total immersion in the "schizophrenic discourse" and combatting onto-theo-teleo-falo-phono-logo centrism leads to the complete elimination of the subject in all its manifestations and dimensions: cultural, historical, ethnic, thinking, sensual and even vital. Despite of postmodernism distancing from classical and non-classical philosophy, from any structuring of philosophical knowledge, from criticism of any ideological considerations, postmodernism can be considered as ideology – ideology of  technetronic society in which man becomes a tool in the function of the text ("writing", information reality).
Conclusion. Philosophy as a form of theoretical human self conciouness which can exist only as a reflexive, critical thinking, should be responsible for the evaluation it provides the world, society, public awareness, as well as ideological guidance, which it equips man with. Linguistic turn in modern philosophy is anti-anthropological turn. We agree with V. Kutyryevym that "the idea of informational dereconstrucrion of man is antropophagy." Modern postmodernism is essentially an apology for death. The true philosophy is to help people make the right choices in the most difficult situations, and even if this choice is not in favor of life (as was the case with Socrates), then help the person maintain dignity in any circumstances.

 
Keywords: anthropological turn, linguistic turn, postmodernism, "death of the author", writing, Rhizome.
 
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